Pharmacovigilance and Pharmacoepidemiology (ISSN: 2638-8235)

Abstract

Introduction  Dopamine (DA) dysfunction [1,2], glutamate dysfunction [3,4], neurodevelopmental  deficits [5,6], or neural stem cell (NSC) dysfunction [7,8] are well-known hypotheses for etiology of schizophrenia. DA dysfunction hypothesis suggested that mesolimbic DA hyperactivity caused positive symptoms such as paranoid-hallucinatory state View more

Abstract

Introduction Idiosyncratic drug-induced agranulocytosis, or severe neutropenia, is characterized by: a neutrophil count under 0.5 x 109/L; usually health impairment; and often severe infections such as pneumonia, septicemia or septic shock, in case of natural evolution [1]. In the majority of cases, the neutrophil count is under 0.1 x 109/L. Al View more

Abstract

Introduction BackgroundVitamin D deficiency is recognized as a global public health problem, with deficiency states reported from various countries [1-3]. Acting as a Pro-Hormone; this is a unique endogenously synthesized vitamin. Besides its pivotal role in calcium homeostasis and bone mineral metabolism, the vitamin-D endocrine system is now View more

Abstract

Selection of Animals for Preclinical Studies The selection of the type and the number of animals used for the preclinical studies  is one of the most important steps. The choice of the species is based on the fact that which one will give the best correlation to the human trials. Generally, experiments are first performed on the rodents and View more

Abstract

Introduction Mesua Ferrea L . commonly known as Nagkesar belongs to family Calophyllaceae . The plant is used medicinally in various ailments [ 1 ] . The decoction of seeds of M . ferrea is given for the treatment of gastritis, bronchitis and to cure snake bite . Leaves of M . ferrea are antidote for snake bites and scorpion sting [ 2 ] . The d View more