Sonochemistry

The application of ultrasound to chemical reactions and processes is called Sonochemistry. The mechanism causing sonochemical effects in liquids is the phenomenon of acoustic cavitation. The chemical effects of ultrasound do not come from a direct interaction of the ultrasonic sound wave with the molecules in the solution. Sound waves propagating through a liquid at ultrasonic frequencies do so with a wavelength that is dramatically longer than molecular dimensions or the bond length between atoms in the molecule. Therefore, the sound wave cannot affect that vibrational energy of the bond, and can therefore not directly increase the internal energy of a molecule.

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