Bladder cancer

 Bladder cancer arise from the tissues of the urinary bladder. in which cells grow abnormally and have the potential to spread to other parts of the body. Risk factors for bladder cancer include family history, smoking, prior radiation therapy, frequent bladder infections, and exposure to certain chemicals, Symptoms include blood in the urine, pain with urination, and low back pain.

Diagnosis of Bladder cancer cystoscopy with tissue biopsies Staging of the cancer is typically determined by medical imaging such as CT scan and bone scan

Treatmens  include some combination of surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, or immunotherapy. Surgical options may include transurethral resection, partial or complete removal of the bladder, or urinary diversion.