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Oxygen electrode is also known as Clark electrode. The electrode which measures ambient oxygen concentration in a liquid using a catalytic platinum surface is called as oxygen electrode. The instrument is calibrated against a buffer saturated with oxygen to set 100% saturation and a buffer totally depleted of oxygen by using reaction with strong reducing agent such as sodium dithionite to set 0% saturation. The reaction chamber is separated from the electrodes by a Teflon membrane, which permits oxygen to diffuse from the reaction buffer into the potassium chloride solution that bathes the electrodes, a platinum cathode and a silver anode. A voltage is applied between the electrodes and the resulting current (that is approx. 1 µA) is proportional to the concentration of oxygen. At the cathode oxygen is reduced to water by combination of 2 moles of oxygen and 4 electrons and at the anode metallic silver is oxidized to silver chloride by the combination of 4 silver molecules and 4 chlorides ions. This signal can be amplified and recorded.
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Catalysts for oxygen electrodes based on graphene structures have been obtained by the chemical synthesis. Oxidizing and reducing agents were selected on the basis of their standard redox...
