Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine (ISSN 2639-6807)
The heart is a muscular organ in most animals that pumps
blood through the blood vessels of the cardiovascular system. Blood provides
the body with chemical element and nutrients, similarly as assists within the
removal of metabolic wastes. In humans, the heart is found between the lungs,
within the middle compartment of the chest.
In humans, alternative mammals, and birds, the heart is
split into four chambers: higher left and right atria; and lower left and right
ventricles. Ordinarily the correct atrium and ventricle area unit referred
along because the right heart and their left counterparts because the left
heart. Fish, in distinction, have 2 chambers, associate degree atrium and a
ventricle, whereas reptiles have 3 chambers. In a very healthy heart blood
flows a way through the guts thanks to heart valves, that stop flow. The guts
is encircled in a very protecting sac, the serosa, that conjointly contains little
quantity of fluid. The wall of the guts is formed from 3 layers: visceral
pericardium, myocardium, and serous membrane.
The heart pumps blood with a rhythm determined by a group of
pace making cells within the SA node. These generate a current that causes
contraction of the guts, traveling through the heart muscle and on the
conductivity system of the guts.
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